Becoming Intentionally Homeless: Your Rights

What does intentionally homeless mean?

When you leave your marriage and find yourself without a place to live, you may need to ask your local council for housing help. One of the first things the council will look at is whether you made yourself intentionally homeless.

This matters because if the council decides you are intentionally homeless, their duty to help you find settled housing is limited. You may still get some short term assistance, but the full range of support will not be available to you.

The council cannot simply assume you caused your own homelessness. They must carry out their own enquiries and gather evidence before reaching any decision. That said, you will need to provide information and explain your circumstances as part of this process.

The four part test for intentional homelessness

To be considered intentionally homeless by the council, all four of the following conditions must apply to you:

  • You did something deliberate, or you deliberately failed to do something
  • That act or failure to act caused you to leave your home
  • If you had not done this, or had not failed to act, you could have stayed in your home
  • It would have been reasonable for you to continue living in that home

All four parts must be met. If even one element is missing, the council should not class you as intentionally homeless.

This is a legal test, and councils are expected to apply it properly. If you disagree with their decision, you have the right to request a review within 21 days of receiving it.

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What counts as a deliberate act or omission?

A deliberate act might include not paying your rent or mortgage when you had the money to do so. It could also mean being evicted because of antisocial behaviour, or walking away from accommodation that you could have remained in.

However, the council must look at the full picture. If you fell behind on rent because you lost your job unexpectedly, or because of a sudden illness, this may not count as deliberate. If you left a home because of domestic abuse or serious threats to your safety, this should not be treated as making yourself intentionally homeless.

The question of whether it was reasonable for you to stay is also considered. A property that is technically available to you may still be unreasonable to live in if there is violence, harassment, or serious disrepair that affects your health.

The council should consider your personal circumstances, including any vulnerabilities, mental health conditions, or other factors that affected your decisions at the time. However, outcomes vary and councils have considerable discretion in how they assess these situations.

What happens if the council finds you intentionally homeless?

If the council decides you are intentionally homeless, they must still offer you advice and assistance to help you find somewhere to live. Families with children and vulnerable adults may be provided with temporary accommodation for a short period to give them time to make other arrangements.

You will usually receive a written decision explaining why they reached this conclusion. If you believe the decision is wrong, you can ask for a review. It helps to get advice before doing this, as the review is your main opportunity to challenge the decision.

Shelter, Citizens Advice, and local housing advice services can help you understand your options and prepare for a review if needed. Local charities and homelessness prevention services may also offer additional support. Legal aid may be available for housing cases, though it is limited and subject to means testing, so not everyone will qualify.

If you are at risk of homelessness or have already lost your home, contact your local council's housing options team as soon as possible. The earlier you seek help, the more options may be available to you.

For official guidance on homelessness and your rights, visit GOV.UK or speak to a housing adviser who can explain how the rules apply to your specific situation.